工业物联网：一项调查外文翻译资料

Internet of Things in Industries: A Survey

SECTION I. Introduction

As an Emerging technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to offer promising solutions to transform the operation and role of many existing industrial systems such as transportation systems and manufacturing systems. For example, when IoT is used for creating intelligent transportation systems, the transportation authority will be able to track each vehicles existing location, monitor its movement, and predict its future location and possible road traffic. The term IoT was initially proposed to refer to uniquely identifiable interoperable connected objects with radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology [1]. Later on, researchers relate IoT with more technologies such as sensors, actuators, GPS devices, and mobile devices. Today, a commonly accepted definition for IoT is

a dynamic global network infrastructure with self-configuring capabilities based on standard and interoperable communication protocols where physical and virtual lsquo;Thingsrsquo; have identities, physical attributes, and virtual personalities and use intelligent interfaces, and are seamlessly integrated into the information network [2].

Specifically, the integration of sensors/actuators, RFID tags, and communication technologies serves as the foundation of IoT and explains how a variety of physical objects and devices around us can be associated to the Internet and allow these objects and devices to cooperate and communicate with one another to reach common goals [3].

There is a growing interest in using IoT technologies in various industries [4]. A number of industrial IoT projects have been conducted in areas such as agriculture, food processing industry, environmental monitoring, security surveillance, and others. Meanwhile, the number of IoT publications is quickly growing. The authors conducted an extensive literature review by examining relevant articles from five major academic databases (IEEE Xplore, Web of Knowledge, ACM digital library, INSPEC, and ScienceDirect) in order to help interested researchers understand the current status and future research opportunities regarding the use of IoT in industries. Our review focuses on both identifying the breadth and diversity of existing IoT research in the industrial areas and highlighting the challenges and opportunities for future researchers. As a result, we found a large number of journal articles and conference papers related to IoT. For example, we found 306 IoT-related journal articles published from 2009 to 2013 by searching the Web of Knowledge database alone. Fig. 1 displays the number of journal articles stored in the Web of Knowledge database by year from 2009 to 2013. Fig. 1 indicates a trend that research on IoT is becoming increasingly popular.

Fig. 1. Number of iot journal articles by year in web of knowledge.

This paper is organized as follows. Section II presents the background and current research of IoT. Section III provides an in-depth review of service-oriented architecture (SOA) of IoT. Section IV reviews the key enabling technologies that make IoT possible. Section V describes key IoT applications in industries. Section VI discusses research challenges and future trends. Conclusion is given in Section VII.

SECTION II. Background and Current Research of Iot

IoT can be considered as a global network infrastructure composed of numerous connected devices that rely on sensory, communication, networking, and information processing technologies [5]. A foundational technology for IoT is the RFID technology, which allows microchips to transmit the identification information to a reader through wireless communication. By using RFID readers, people can identify, track, and monitor any objects attached with RFID tags automatically [6]. RFID has been widely used in logistics, pharmaceutical production, retailing, and supply chain management, since 1980s [7], [8]. Another foundational technology for IoT is the wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which mainly use interconnected intelligent sensors to sense and monitoring. Its applications include environmental monitoring, healthcare monitoring, industrial monitoring, traffic monitoring, and so on [9], [10]. The advances in both RFID and WSN significantly contribute to the development of IoT. In addition, many other technologies and devices such as barcodes, smart phones, social networks, and cloud computing are being used to form an extensive network for supporting IoT [11]–[12][13][14][15][16] (see Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Technologies associated with iot.

So far, IoT has been gaining attraction in industry such as logistics, manufacturing, retailing, and pharmaceutics. With the advances in wireless communication, smartphone, and sensor network technologies, more and more networked things or smart objects are being involved in IoT. As a result, these IoT-related technologies have also made a large impact on new information and communications technology (ICT) and enterprise systems technologies (see Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Iot-related technology and their impact on new ict and enterprise systems.

In order to provide high-quality services to end users, IoTs technical standards need to be designed to define the specification for information exchange, processing, and communications between things. The success of IoT depends on standardization, which provides interoperability, compatibility, reliability, and effective operations on a global scale [17]. Many countries and organizations are interested in the development of IoT standards because it can bring tremendous economic benefits in the future. Currently, numerous organizations such as International Telecommunication Union, International Electro-technical Commission, International Organization for Standardization, IEEE, European Committee for Electro-technical Standardization, China Electronics Standardization Instit

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