基于Android的蓝牙与互联网智能家居系统外文翻译资料

Android based smart home system with control via Bluetooth and internet connectivity

Shiu Kumar，Seong Ro Lee, Senior Member, IEEE

Abstract: Automation plays an important role in todays human life and peoples life is gradually changing with smart living due to modern technology development and Android Smartphone. This paper presents a low-cost Smart Living System, which uses Android based User Interface for control of home appliances. Connection to the smart living system can be made from the designed app via Bluetooth or internet connection. It also integrates home security and alert system.

Keywords: smart home, smart phone, Bluetooth, internet;

SECTION I.Introduction

The continuous growth of mobile devices in its recognition and functionality has lead to an increase in the demand for advanced ubiquitous mobile applications in peoples daily lives. Smart phones are more than just phones in todays life having a broad range of applications, such as education, health care, and entertainment. Smart homes aim to provide enhanced convenience and comfort, energy efficiency, security and surveillance. It is claimed by market researchers that majority of homes will be outfitted with home automation systems in the very near future. Various smart home systems have been proposed where the control is via Bluetooth, interne, short message service (SMS) based while some researchers have proposed voice controlled smart home system based on Microsoft speech recognition and microcontroller based voice activation (voice recognition module is used).

SECTION II.The Proposed System Architecture

A low-cost and flexible standalone smart home system is proposed and designed. The proposed system uses Bluetooth and REST ful based web services as the interoperable layer. It consists of an Android compatible smart home app, a micro web-server running on Arduino Ethernet as the main controller, and the hardware modules. The overview of the proposed architecture is shown in Fig. 1. The proposed smart home system has features such as user authentication, Bluetooth and internet connectivity, security and fire system with siren and email alerts and automated control of home appliances.

The master controller that has the Arduino Ethernet micro-web server running consists of Arduino Mega 2560 and Arduino Ethernet Shield with other hardware such as the siren, nRF24L01 radio module, which is used to communicate and coordinate actions with the other sensor nodes within the home environment and the Bluetooth module. The system is designed to control more than the switching functionality, such as security and surveillance (incorporating door locks, gate control, fire detection, and intrusion detection with alarm and notifications), user authentication for accessing the smart home system, energy management, and automatic home environment control. Furthermore, the system also supports voice activation for switching functionalities.

Fig. 1.Overview of the conceptual architecture of the proposed system.

SECTION III.Proposed System Implementation

The Android based smart home app was designed using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology App Inventor that was originally provided by Google. The home screen and the main controls screen are shown in Fig. 2. Upon starting the smart home app, the user is given the option to select Bluetooth or internet connectivity for connecting to the smart home micro-web server. For internet connectivity, the user has to enter the IP address and a password whereas for Bluetooth connection selecting the device and entering a password is required. Access is only granted if the requested details are correct upon which the GUI statuses on the main controls page are updated to reflect the current statuses and the user can than perform the desired action using the GUI. However, if the entered details are incorrect or there is a connection problem appropriate messages are displayed on the user GUI of the app.

Fig. 2.Graphical user interface (GUI) screenshots of the smart home app: (a) home screen (b) main controls screen.

The main controls page also has the option to change the current password. The default password is set to 1234. The packet layout of the commands sent from the app (in the form of a single string) to the smart home micro-web server is given in Fig. 3. The micro-web server is able to easily extract all the required action information from the command packet. Furthermore, the proposed smart home system also has features such as adjusting light intensity, fan speed, etc. For example, the command packet “Light1_On” will be sent for turning on light one and “1234 FanSpeed_3” will be sent to adjust the fan speed to level 3. The smart home app also supports voice activation for all switching functionalities. For this purpose, the Google Speech Recognizer is used for obtaining the text from the speech. Fig. 2(b) shows the Google speech recognizer awaiting the user to speak the commands after the voice activation control button is pressed. Automatic mode can also be enabled where the user can either specify the time for certain appliances to be turned on/off or the home environment will be controlled automatically depending on the environment such as maintaining a certain temperature inside the house.

Fig. 3.Smart home apps packet layout for the commands.

On the other hand, the sensor nodes deployed in the home environment monitor the status of the devices and if there is a change in the status or fire/intrusion is detected, it informs the master controller via the RF link. For reading sensor data, an interrupt is used so that in case of fire/intrusion a prompt action is taken. Once data is received, the status is updated by the micro-web server and if the data is that of fire or intrusion the siren will be turned on and an

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基于Android的蓝牙与互联网智能家居系统

Shiu Kumar，Seong Ro Lee, Senior Member, IEEE

摘要：自动化在当今人类生活中发挥着重要作用，由于现代技术和Android智能手机的发展，人们的生活正在往智能生活方向逐渐改变。本文介绍了一种低成本的智能生活系统，它使用基于Android的用户界面来控制家用电器，可以通过蓝牙或互联网让设计的应用程序连接到智能生活系统，并且集成了家庭安全和警报系统。

关键词：智能家居，智能手机，蓝牙，互联网；

一、介绍

移动设备在其识别和功能方面的持续发展导致了人们对日常生活中无处不在的移动应用的需求增加。智能手机不仅仅是当今生活中具有广泛应用的手机，还包括教育、医疗保健和娱乐。智能家居旨在便利性、舒适性、能源效率、安全性和监控方面全面提高。市场研究人员声称，大多数家庭将在不久的将来配备家庭自动化系统。已经提出的各种智能家居系统，其中控制是通过蓝牙、因特网或基于短消息服务（SMS）进行的。而一些研究人员提出了基于微软语音识别的语音控制基于微控制器的语音激活（使用语音识别模块）的智能家居系统和

二、系统架构

提出并设计了一种低成本、灵活的独立智能家居系统。所提出的系统使用基于蓝牙和REST ful的web服务作为可互操作层。它包括一个Android兼容的智能家居应用程序，一个在Arduino以太网上运行的微型Web服务器作为主控制器，以及硬件模块。所提出的架构的概述如图1所示。所提出的智能家居系统具有诸如用户认证，蓝牙和互联网连接，安全和消防系统以及警报和电子邮件警报以及家用电器的自动控制等功能。

运行Arduino以太网微型Web服务器的主控制器由Arduino Mega 2560和Arduino Ethernet Shield以及其他硬件组成，如警报器，nRF24L01 无线电模块，用于与家中其他传感器节点通信和协调动作环境的蓝牙模块。该系统旨在控制多个交换功能，例如安全和监控（包括门锁，门控，火灾检测，带有警报和通知的入侵检测），用于访问智能家居系统的用户身份验证，能源管理以及自动家庭环境控制。此外，该系统还支持用于切换功能的语音激活。

图1 系统概念架构

三、系统实施

基于Android的智能家居应用程序是使用最初由Google提供的麻省理工学院App Inventor设计的。主屏幕和主控制屏幕如图2所示。在启动智能家庭应用程序时，用户可以选择蓝牙或互联网连接以连接到智能家居微型网络服务器。对于互联网连接，用户必须输入IP地址和密码，而对于蓝牙连接，则需要选择设备并输入密码。仅当所请求的详细信息正确时，才会授予访问权限，主控制页面上的GUI状态将更新以反映当前状态，并且用户可以使用GUI执行所需操作。但是，如果输入的详细信息不正确或存在连接问题，则应用程序的用户GUI上会显示相应的消息。

图2 智能家居应用的图形用户界面(GUI)屏幕截图：（a）主屏幕（b）主控制屏幕。

主控制页面还可以选择更改当前密码。默认密码设置为1234.从应用程序（以单个字符串的形式）发送到智能家庭微型Web服务器的命令的数据包布局如图3所示。微网络服务器能够从命令包中轻松提取所有必需的动作信息。此外，所提出的智能家居系统还具有诸如调整光强度，风扇速度等的功能。例如，命令包“Light1_On“将被发送以打开灯1，“1234 FanSpeed_3”将被发送以将风扇速度调整到3级。智能家庭应用程序还支持所有切换功能的语音激活。为此，Google语音识别器用于从语音中获取文本。图2（b）示出了在语音激活控制按钮被按下之后等待用户说出命令的Google语音识别器。还可以启用自动模式，其中用户可以指定打开/关闭某些设备的时间，或者根据环境自动控制家庭环境，例如维持房屋内的特定温度。

图3 智能家居应用程序的命令的数据包布局。

另一方面，部署在家庭环境中的传感器节点监视设备的状态，并且如果检测到状态或火灾/入侵的情况，则通过RF链路通知主控制器。为了读取传感器数据，使用中断，以便在发生火灾/入侵时采取迅速行动。一旦收到数据，微型网络服务器就会更新状态，如果数据是火灾或入侵数据，警报器将被打开并向用户发送电子邮件通知。例如，图4显示在厨房中检测到火灾时在用户的智能手机上收到的电子邮件警报。用户可以关闭智能家居应用程序中的警报器，也可以在一段时间后自动关闭。当用户发送命令时，微网络服务器提取动作命令，并且主控制器将信号发送到相应的传感器节点，其执行期望的动作。

智能家居系统的主控制器支持蓝牙和互联网连接。但是，蓝牙连接优先于互联网连接，一次只允许一种类型的连接。

图4 厨房火灾的智能家居电子邮件警报。

四、结论

设计的智能家居系统和智能家居应用程序已经成功开发和测试。系统中集成了诸如灯开关、温度传感器、气体传感器、运动检测传感器和报警器等设备，以展示其可行性和有效性。低成本、用户认证、语音激活、安全监控以及自动控制等功能使得该系统具有独特性。

参考文献

[1] R. Piyare and M. Tazil, 'Bluetooth based home automation system using cell phone,' in IEEE 15th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics, Singapore, 2011, pp. 192 - 195.

[2] S. Kumar, 'Ubiquitous Smart Home System Using Android Application,' International Journal of Computer Networks amp; Communications, vol. 6, pp. 33-43, January 2014.

[3] R. Piyare, 'Ubiquitous Home Control and Monitoring System using Android based Smart Phone,' International Journal of Internet of Things, vol. 2, pp. 5-11, 2013.

[4] M. S. H. Khiyal, A. Khan, and E. Shehzadi, 'SMS Based Wireless Home Appliance Control System (HACS) for Automating Appliances and Security,' Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, vol. 6, pp. 887-894, 2009.

[5] M. R. Kamarudin, M. A. F., and M. Yusof, 'Low Cost Smart Home Automation via Microsoft Speech Recognition,' International Journal of Engineering amp; Computer Science, vol. 13, pp. 6-11, June 2013.

[6] K. P. Dutta, P. Rai, and V. Shekher, 'Microcontroller Based Voice Activated Wireless Automation System,' VSRD Internationl Journal of Electrocal, Electronics amp; Communication Engineering, vol. 2, pp. 642- 649, 2012.

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