Terms definitions 专业术语及定义外文翻译资料

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Terms amp; definitions 专业术语及定义

Care has been taken so that the terms and definitions used in the current report are

in concordance with internationally accepted standards such as:

已经注意到本报告中使用的专业术语和定义符合国际公认的标准例如

· International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC):

Details, as well as an index for all classified economic activities, can be found at

http://www.un.org/Depts/unsdold/class/isicmain.htm. When possible, revision 3

compatible classification is used, otherwise revision 2.

所有经济活动的国际标准行业分类(ISIC):

详细资料，以及所有分类经济活动的索引，都能在http://www.un.org/Depts/unsdold/class/isicmain.htm上找到。如果可能的话，使用版本3兼容的分类，否则使用版本2。

· International Federation of Robotics (IFR)

国际机器人联合会(IFR)

· International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), http://www.iso.ch/

As the whole section 4 is dedicate to shipbuilding processes, including design and

planning activities, no specific shipbuilding terms will be defined here.

国际标准化组织(ISO)， http://www.iso.ch/

由于整个第4节专门讨论造船过程，包括设计和规划，所以这里不定义任何特定的造船术语。

2.1 Robotics 机器人

2.1.1 Industrial robots 工业机器人

According to ISO 8373, a Manipulating Industrial Robot is an automatically con

trolled, re-programmable, multipurpose manipulator, programmable in 3 or more

axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile, for use in industrial automation

applications.

根据国际标准化组织 8373，操纵型工业机器人是一个可自动控制，重新编程的多功能机械手，可编程三个或者更多的轴系，其在工业自动化的应用中可以是固定的也可以是移动的

Industrial Manipulating Robots are classified [10] by: 工业操纵机器人分为:

1. Industrial branches: according to International Standard Industrial Classification

(ISIC), rev.3, some 24 industrial branches are specified. Among them there is

no specific entry for Shipbuilding or Maritime Industry. Shipbuilding robots could

be classified under one of the following categories:

工业分支：根据国际标准工业分类，版本三，24个工业分支被分类。其中没有特定的造船或海运行业的条目。造船机器人可以分为以下几类:

· Manufacture of other metal products, except machinery amp; equipment (No

1. or

机械设备(28号)或(28号)以外的其他金属制品的制造

· Manufacture of other transport equipment 其他运输设备制造

2. Application areas: 24 main areas (IFR classification). Among the, of special in

terest for the current report are:

应用领域:24个主要领域(IFR分类)。其中，对于当前报道的一些特殊趣味是：

· Welding (No 160), further broken down in arc, spot, gas, laser welding (161

to 164) and others (169)

焊接(No 160)，进一步细分为电弧、点焊、气体、激光焊接(161至164)等其他(169)

· Special processes (No 190), further broken down in laser and water jet cut

ting (191 and 192) and others (199)

特殊过程 (No 190)，深度激光,分解和水流切割(191 和 192)以及其他的 (199)

· Assembling (No 200), further broken down in mechanical attachment, in

serting/mounting/cutting, bonding, soldering, handling for assembly opera

tions (201 to 205) and others (209)

组装（第200），机械附件的进一步损坏，嵌入/镶嵌/切割，黏合，焊接，对接这些对于组装性操作（201到200）以及其他 (209)

3. Type of robot: the classification is done by: 机器人类型:分类方法:

(a) Number of axes (3, 4, 5 or more) 轴线数量(3, 4, 5 或者更多)

(b) Type of control: 控制类型

· Sequence-controlled / playback point to point: Binary operation (i.e.

start/stop), no programmed control of the trajectory in between

程序控制/回放点对点:二进制操作(即开始/停止)，没有程序控制之间的轨迹

· Trajectory operated / continuous playback: 3 or more controlled axis

motions specifying a time based trajectory

轨迹操作/连续回放:3个或更多的控制轴运动，指定一个基于时间的轨迹

· Adaptive: robots provided with sensory1 , adaptive2 or learning3 control

适应性:机器人具有感知、自适应或学习控制能力

· Tele-operated 遥控

· Not classified 没有分类

1 Motion or force is adjusted according the output of an external sensor

运动或力是根据外部传感器的输出来调整的

2 Control system parameters are adjusted from conditions detected during the process

控制系统参数根据过程中检测到的条件进行调整

3 When experience from previous cycles is used automatically to change the control pa

rameters or algorithmsAIPS study

Page 16

June 2000

(c) Mechanical Structure 机械结构

· Cartesian amp; gantry 坐标系和起重机架

· SCARA: robot with 2 parallel rotary joints to provide compliance in a

plane

SCAR：具有两个平行旋转关节的机器人，在平面上提供顺应性

· Articulated: robot with at least 3 articulated joints

铰接式:至少有3个关节的机器人

· Parallel: robot with concurrent prismatic or rotary joints

并联式:具有平行移动或旋转关节的机器人

· Spherical amp; cylindrical 球形和圆柱形

The definition of the industrial robots, such as presented above, does not include

the concept of autonomous performance of even low-level tasks or operations. This

concept is fundamental for the robotisation of critical, one-of-a-kind operations such

as the ones found in typical shipbuilding environments. IFR envisages autonomy

only for the recently introduced category of service robots.

如上所述，工业机器人的定义甚至不包括低级任务或操作的自主性能的概念。这一概念对于自动化关键的、独一无二的操作(如在典型的造船环境中发现的操作)是最基本的。IFR设想的自治只适用于最近引进的服务机器人。

2.1.2

Service robots 服务机器人

There is no strict, internationally accepted definition for service robots, specially in

what distinguishes them from manipulating industrial robots and other type of

equipment. According to a preliminary definition by IFR, service robot is a robot

which operates semi or fully autonomously to perform services useful to the well

being of humans and equipment, excluding manufacturing operations. Often, but not

always, service robots are mobile.

服务机器人没有严格的、国际上接受的定义，特别是在它们与操纵工业机器人和其他类型设备的区别方面。根据IFR的初步定义，服务机器人是一种半自主或完全自主地执行对人类和设备有益的服务的机器人，不包括制造业务。服务机器人通常是可移动的，但并非总是如此。

According to the above definition, some manipulating industrial robots, when oper

ating in non-manufacturing environments, could be classified as “service robots”.

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