国内外健康管理研究进展外文翻译资料

1. 外文原文作者：Huang Zhenxin,Ying Zhang

[2] 外文原文所在书名或论文题目：Progress in health management research at home and abroad

[3] 外文原文来源：Chin.J.of PHM.Jun.2012.VoL28 No.3

出版社或刊物名称、出版时间或刊号、译文部分所在页码：

网页地址：https://www.cnki.net

二、外文原文资料：

Progress in health management research at home and abroad

Keywords: health management; research; mode

The concept of health management first appeared in the United States and has a history of about 2O years. With the increasing demand of peoples health needs, health management has gradually become a hot topic of health research around the world.But so far, there is no universally accepted definition in the world.Some people abroad believe that health management is a continuous, positive, pay attention to cost-benefit ratio prevention strategy.It improves population health status, improves personal health service utilization, and reduces and controls the economic burden of disease by using individuals, social groups, subpopulations, risk factor management, demand management, disease management, and disability management strategies for health risk assessment, health intervention, and health intervention....The more recognized definition in China is: health management is the whole process of comprehensive monitoring, analysis and evaluation of the health of individuals or groups, providing health consultation and guidance, and intervention in health risk factors.Health management aims to motivate individuals and groups and society as a whole to use limited health resources to achieve maximum health results.The contents of health management include health examination, health assessment, health interventions, and health promotion.This paper briefly expounds the development status of health management at home and abroad.

1. Development status of health management at home and abroad

1.1 Foreign

Health management in the United States stems from the growing burden of the medical economy.In the last century, the prevalence of chronic diseases in the United States was rising, and medical expenses rose sharply, and 75% of its health care costs were spent on the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.In 1969, the federal government incorporated health maintenance organizations into the National Health care Program system and provided legislation for it in 1971.In the mid-1990s, disease management appeared in the US health care market.After that, population health management emerged and gradually became the main widely recognized strategy that can effectively reduce medical costs.Citibank conducts health management to its employees through risk factor intervention, significantly reducing the risk of illness and improving their health level.

The health management in Germany is closely integrated with the German health insurance system.Health insurance in Germany mainly includes statutory health insurance and private health insurance.In 2002, the German government passed legislation to bring disease management into the statutory medical insurance system.In 2008, German private insurance companies launched a chronic disease care management program [7].The program is patient-centered, with a comprehensive consideration of chronic disease risk factors and personal adverse behaviour methods, adopting a US health management strategy to conduct health management for the whole population, with the aim to bring more health services to more people.

Health management in Finland began with the intervention and evaluation program for cardiovascular disease in North Karelia in the 197O s.The project is a community platform to mobilize the participation of various community organizations and local health care institutions, emphasizing the influence and change of peoples bad lifestyle by changing the natural and social environment.The intervention strategy mainly includes media publicity, special programs, doctor participation, etc. The intervention effect is assessed annually by the National College of Public Health.Since then, the Finnish government has carried out a series of health care management reforms, such as new public health management, quality management, devolved management, and patient-centered management.

Health management has started late in developing countries, and not many countries have carried out health management.The strategy of future health reform in Thailand (2001-2004) is close to the concept of health management.The outline notes that in order to achieve the goals of future health development, the government of Thailand has adopted a series of health reform strategies and measures in the seventh national economic and social development plan, such as developing health management system, developing health insurance, developing network systems for monitoring, preventing and controlling health problems, creating opportunities to learn health skills, developing community health monitoring systems, strengthening health effect assessment, etc.

2.2 The 'three rates' of chronic diseases remain high

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1. 外文原文作者：Huang Zhenxin,Ying Zhang

[2] 外文原文所在书名或论文题目：Progress in health management research at home and abroad

[3] 外文原文来源：Chin.J.of PHM.Jun.2012.VoL28 No.3

出版社或刊物名称、出版时间或刊号、译文部分所在页码：

网页地址：https://www.cnki.net

二、外文原文资料：

Progress in health management research at home and abroad

Keywords: health management; research; mode

The concept of health management first appeared in the United States and has a history of about 2O years. With the increasing demand of peoples health needs, health management has gradually become a hot topic of health research around the world.But so far, there is no universally accepted definition in the world.Some people abroad believe that health management is a continuous, positive, pay attention to cost-benefit ratio prevention strategy.It improves population health status, improves personal health service utilization, and reduces and controls the economic burden of disease by using individuals, social groups, subpopulations, risk factor management, demand management, disease management, and disability management strategies for health risk assessment, health intervention, and health intervention....The more recognized definition in China is: health management is the whole process of comprehensive monitoring, analysis and evaluation of the health of individuals or groups, providing health consultation and guidance, and intervention in health risk factors.Health management aims to motivate individuals and groups and society as a whole to use limited health resources to achieve maximum health results.The contents of health management include health examination, health assessment, health interventions, and health promotion.This paper briefly expounds the development status of health management at home and abroad.

1. Development status of health management at home and abroad

1.1 Foreign

Health management in the United States stems from the growing burden of the medical economy.In the last century, the prevalence of chronic diseases in the United States was rising, and medical expenses rose sharply, and 75% of its health care costs were spent on the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.In 1969, the federal government incorporated health maintenance organizations into the National Health care Program system and provided legislation for it in 1971.In the mid-1990s, disease management appeared in the US health care market.After that, population health management emerged and gradually became the main widely recognized strategy that can effectively reduce medical costs.Citibank conducts health management to its employees through risk factor intervention, significantly reducing the risk of illness and improving their health level.

The health management in Germany is closely integrated with the German health insurance system.Health insurance in Germany mainly includes statutory health insurance and private health insurance.In 2002, the German government passed legislation to bring disease management into the statutory medical insurance system.In 2008, German private insurance companies launched a chronic disease care management program [7].The program is patient-centered, with a comprehensive consideration of chronic disease risk factors and personal adverse behaviour methods, adopting a US health management strategy to conduct health management for the whole population, with the aim to bring more health services to more people.

Health management in Finland began with the intervention and evaluation program for cardiovascular disease in North Karelia in the 197O s.The project is a community platform to mobilize the participation of various community organizations and local health care institutions, emphasizing the influence and change of peoples bad lifestyle by changing the natural and social environment.The intervention strategy mainly includes media publicity, special programs, doctor participation, etc. The intervention effect is assessed annually by the National College of Public Health.Since then, the Finnish government has carried out a series of health care management reforms, such as new public health management, quality management, devolved management, and patient-centered management.

Health management has started late in developing countries, and not many countries have carried out health management.The strategy of future health reform in Thailand (2001-2004) is close to the concept of health management.The outline notes that in order to achieve the goals of future health development, the government of Thailand has adopted a series of health reform strategies and measures in the seventh national economic and social development plan, such as developing health management system, developing health insurance, developing network systems for monitoring, preventing and controlling health problems, creating opportunities to learn health skills, developing community health monitoring systems, strengthening health effect assessment, etc.

2.2 The 'three rates' of chronic diseases remain high

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