附录B 外文原文

Study of location selection of public facilities using the AHP method (Case of Lamongan District BLK location selection)

A K Raharja1 and M Suef

Abstract

One procedure in the construction of public facilities is a location selection. The Lamongan district government has set up the construction of the Lamongan district job training center (BLK) on Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto, but the problem that arises is whether the decision making process for determining the construction location is correct or not. This research intends to conduct a study of the decision making process in which the research approach is done using the AHP method. From the research that has been done, there are 9 criteria for selecting the location of public facilities with respective weight value i.e spatial layout (TRW) of 0,263, electricity and water network availability (KJL) of 0,244, disaster potential (PBE) of 0,126, land condition (KOL) of 0,078, land area (LUL) of 0,074, road network availability (KJJ) of 0,029, population density (KP) of 0,017, population acceptance rate (TPP) of 0,037 and land availability (KEL) of 0,131. From the AHP calculation, scores have been obtained for each alternative location, i.e. location of Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto with a value of 0,610, location of Jl. Sumargo Tlogoanyar with a value of 0,173, and location of Jl. pahlawan with a value of 0,217. Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto is the location with the largest score, so that it is the best location for the construction of the Lamongan district job training center (BLK).

1. Introduction

The definition of development is a process of continuous change towards a better state. Development is a word that used to describe processes and efforts that improve the life of the economy, politics, culture, community infrastructure, etc^[1]. One example of various types of development is the construction of government public facilities. The Lamongan district Government has carried out the construction of public facilities namely the Lamongan district job training center (BLK).

The development is based on the basis of the high potential of the industrial sector each year which is not matched by the high number of unemployed and the labor force participation rate in Lamongan district. The development is expected to be able to overcome labor problems which lead to the issue of poverty alleviation in Lamongan district^[2].

One procedure in the construction of a public facility is location selection. Location selection is a very important issue in a development because apart from the commercial value of the construction site, the government must also prioritize locations that far from disaster areas and also those that are easily accessible by the society and also adjust to the regional spatial regulations. The Lamongan District Government has established the construction of the Lamongan District job training center (BLK) on Jl Jaksa Agung Suprapto, but the problem that arises is whether the decision making process for determining the construction location is correct or not. This research intends to conduct a study of the decision making process in which the research approach is done using the AHP method. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method is a decision-making technique that includes several criteria, both tangible, intangible, qualitative and quantitative, which also take into account the existence of conflict or dissent^[3].

1. Methods
   1. Step Analysis

The analysis steps taken to achieve the objectives of the study are as follows^[4]:

1. Identify all criteria in site selection in the construction of public facilities.

2. Establish the criteria that will be used for decision making.

3. Identify the characteristics of alternative locations that will be used as the location for the construction of the Lamongan district job training center (BLK).

4. Arrange a hierarchy that starts with entering goals, criteria, and alternatives.

5. Making questionnaires, for collecting data and facilitating respondents in deciding pairwise comparisons in the AHP process.

6. Establish pairwise comparisons between criteria in the form of a matrix.

7. Normalize the data and determine the weight of each criterion.

8. Test the consistency of hierarchy or data.

9. Establish comparison of alternative locations based on criteria in the form of a matrix. 10. Normalize the data and determine the weight of each alternative location for each

criterion.

11. Test the consistency of hierarchy or data.

12. Establish global priorities by multiplying the weights of each criterion with the weights of each alternative location and adding them together.

13. Analyzing the results.

14. Perform sensitivity analysis.

15. Make conclusions and suggestions.

2.2. Data Sources

There are two data used in this study, namely as follows:

1. Secondary data, in the form of Lamongan Regency economic data, employment data of Lamongan Regency, and project area demographic data, obtained by collecting data from related literature.

2. Primary data, in the form of comparative values of several criteria and also alternatives derived from the results of interviews with policy makers in the Lamongan District job training center (BLK) construction project.

2.3. Research Variable

The variables used in the study are formed from a structure consisting of several criteria and alternatives. There are 9 criteria used in the study, namely spatial layout (TR

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附录A 译文

采用AHP法研究公共设施选址（拉蒙根区BLK选址案例）

A K Raharja1 and M Suef

摘要

公共设施建设的一个程序是选址，拉蒙根地区政府已在Jl上建立了拉蒙根地区就业培训中心(BLK)。但由此出现的问题是，确定施工地点的决策过程是否正确。本研究旨在对AHP方法对决策过程进行研究。从已做的研究中，选择公共设施位置的9个影响因素，即空间布局(TRW)为263、供水网络可用性（KJL）0,244、灾害势(PBE)为0,078、土地条件(KOL)为 0,074、土地面积(LUL)为0,029、人口密度为（KP）0,017、人口接受率(TPP)为0,037，土地可用率(KEL)为0,131。从AHP的计算，得出了每个备选方案的得分位置。即Jl的位置。Jaksa Agung Supraptor得分0,610，Sumargo Tlogoanyar得分为0,173，pahlawan得分为0217。 Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto是得分最高的地方，因此它是建设拉蒙根地区就业培训中心(BLK)的最佳地点。

• • 1. 项目简介

发展的定义是一个朝着更好的状态不断变化的过程。发展是一个用来描述改善经济、政治、文 化、社区基础设施等^[1]生活的过程和努力的词。各种类型发展的一个例子是政府公共设施的建设。拉蒙根地区政府已经建设了公共设施，即拉蒙根地区就业培训中心(BLK)。这一发展是基于每年工业部门的高潜力，而这与拉蒙根地区的高失业人数和劳动力参与率并不匹配。这一发展预计将能够克服导致拉蒙根^[2]区减轻贫困问题的劳工问题。建造公共设施的一个程序是选址。选址是发展中一个非常重要的问题，因为除了建筑场地的商业价值外，政府还必须优先考虑远离灾区的地点以及社会容易获得的、并适应区域空间法规的地点。拉蒙根区政府已经在上普拉托阿古苏普拉托建立了拉蒙根区就业培训中心(BLK)，但出现的问题是确定施工地点的决策过程是否正确。本研究旨在对AHP方法对决策过程进行研究。AHP（分析层次过程）方法是一种决策技术，它包括一些标准，都是有形的，无形的，定性的和定量的，这也考虑到存在冲突或有异议的^[3]。

2. 研究方法

2.1 步骤分析

为实现本研究的目标所采取的分析步骤如下^[4]:

1. 确定公共设施建设中选址的所有标准。

2. 确定将用于决策的标准。

3. 确定将用作建设拉蒙根地区工作培训中心(BLK)的地点的替代地点的特征。

4. 安排一个从输入目标、标准和替代方案开始的层次结构。

5. 制作问卷，收集数据，促进受访者在AHP过程中决定成对比较。

6. 对以矩阵形式存在的标准进行成对比较。

7. 规范数据并确定每个标准的权重。

8. 测试层次结构或数据的一致性。

9. 根据矩阵形式的标准，建立替代位置的比较。

10. 规范数据，并确定每个标准的每个替代位置的权重。

11. 测试层次结构或数据的一致性。

12.通过将每个标准的权重与每个替代位置的权重乘以起来，并将它们加在一起，来建立全局优先级。

13. 正在分析这些结果。

14. 执行灵敏度分析

15. 得出结论和建议

2.2 数据源

本研究使用了两种数据，分别如下：

1. 次要数据，包括拉蒙根摄政的经济数据，拉蒙根摄政的就业数据，和项目区域的人口统计数据。

2. 主要数据，以几种标准的比较值的形式，以及从与拉蒙根地区就业培训中心(BLK)建设项目的决策者的访谈结果中得出的替代数据。

2.3 研究中的变量

在研究中使用的变量是由一个由几种标准和替代方案组成的结构形成的。本研究采用了9个标准，即空间布局(TRW)、电和水网可用性(KJL)、灾害潜力(PBE)、土地条件(KOL)、土地面积 (LUL)、道路网可用性(KJJ)、人口密度(KP)、人口接受率(TPP)和土地可用性(KEL)。而对于替代的位置，有3个替代的位置被使用，即在Jl上的位置。

3. 研究结果和讨论

3.1 AHP结构层次结构安排

AHP结构层次结构从输入图1中的目标、标准和替代方案开始。

图1拉蒙根区AHP结构，BLK选择位置

3.2 标准的成对比较

标准之间的成对比较可以以矩阵的形式来指定。用于将标准与标准本身进行比较的矩阵的对角值填充值1，而为了将标准与其他标准进行比较，填充介于1到9和相反之间的值^[5]。基于与公共建筑建设中决策者的访谈和讨论的结果在的拉蒙干语地区工作培训内容中心的 (blk)，的矩阵数数值已获得的可以是以下数值。

表1 标准比较矩阵

3.3 标准重量的确定

形成标准比较矩阵后，计算优先级权重进行标准比较。使用专家选择软件11进行标准的重量计算，详见图2。最大权重基于值为0.26的区域空间(TRW)标准，而最小权重基于人口密度(KP)标 准，值为0.016。不一致值为0.06或为le;0.100，因此标准比较矩阵认为一致，不需要修改矩阵评估^[6]。

图2标准的优先级权重

3.4 备选方案的成对比较

下一步是根据标准来比较替代位置矩阵，以找到每个标准的替代位置优先级的权重。将替代位置与多个标准的比较，以及重量计算和比率的一致性如下。

表2 基于空间布局标准的替代位置矩阵比较(TRW)

表3 基于考虑潜在灾害标准的备选位置矩阵的比较(PBE)

表4 基于考虑土地条件标准的替代位置矩阵的比较(KOL)